Efforts can be made to prevent consequent infection. If indwelling device is needed, for examples, one should choose antimicrobial coated NG tube or vascular devices to avoid aspiration pneumonia and bloodstream infection, respectively. To mitigate HAI, early device removal or using alternative procedure is the probable solution. We applied different combinations of variables in detecting HAIs using both ANN and LR models and even developing a simple scoring system, and results were significant. Such variable sets could be used in different clinical settings according to the ease of information retrieval. For most clinical scenarios, medical devices usage is recognized easily by observation only, it is convenient to detect and predict the occurrence of HAI without collecting other clinical information which the hospital information system has not been well established. From the administrative point of view, on the other hand, underlying clinical condition and therapeutic agents given to patients could be accessed by way of EHR or HIS instead of traditional chart review, which allows clinicians in decision making in preventing HAI without seeing patient personally. The development of the scoring system is the most significant result of this study that variables are mutually exclusive but can be put together as predictive AbMole Dimesna parameters. Like other medical scoring system, the usefulness of this scoring is the simple calculation using limited parameters. Although the numeric range of the scores ranks between 0 and 14, sum of equation over 3 predicts infection, a calculation easily performed by one��s fingers. In infection surveillance, microbiology report are considered the most important initial source of information in screening for infection followed by patient��s chart, admitting office, house staffs, discharge summary, kardex, fever chart, antibiotic orders and quality assurance personnel. An important issue lies in distinguishing between colonization and infection, the latter representing invasion whereas the former indicates only an uneasy truce. This is important as urinary catheter-induced positive urine culture largely determined the presence or absence of ��infection��. Patients with noninvasive colonization do not require antimicrobial treatment, but may require careful regulation of fluid balance and diet to ensure adequate urine output and pH value. If the diagnosis of infection was based purely on microbiology reports without reference to the patients�� condition, then the incidence will be overestimated and misinterpreted. The number of infection identified depends on the intensity of surveillance; however, the intensity of surveillance depends on AbMole 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenylacetic acid having adequately well trained infection control personnel. The surveillance works effectively with well-developed system. If this scoring system can be used for screening candidates of HAI at the stage of information collection.